Boxing

Basic rules of professional boxing

Meet the main rules of boxing. | Photo: Reproduction

Also known as boxing, boxing is a combat sport. In it, the fighters use only hands and wrists, both for defense and for attack. The name comes from the English box, which translates the verb hit. Already the word pugilism was more used in England in the twentieth century and means hitting with fists.

Despite being an Olympic sport, boxing is played so amateurish, with only four rounds of two minutes each. Already in professional tournaments, a fight may have 10 to 12 rounds. Another difference is that in amateur boxing fighters are required to use the head guard, while the professional is prohibited.

In every fight there are 5 arbitrators working for the rules of the game are followed. One of them is located inside the ring, and four outside. Fights are divided into several categories according to the weight of the fighters. There are seventeen categories in professional, amateur and only eleven.

Rules of boxing

When the fighter makes a knockout opponent he wins the fight. For this he needs to strike a blow that makes the opponent falls to the canvas or to hold the strings. If after 10 seconds the referee count knocked fighter does not rise, then the fight is over and the victory is who knocked out.

The end of the fight can also happen if the referee realize that a lot of fighters being beaten and no longer able to continue fighting. This is called TKO. It can also happen the technical commission of a player throw the towel into the ring as a sign of withdrawal.

The fighter only earn points when hitting the front or side of the head of the rival, or even the torso of the body. Blows to the arms are not counted as points.

Soco neck grabs blows below the belt punches and open-handed are considered missing. The fighter who does this can get a avertência, and after three warnings the player is disqualified.

It is forbidden to talk during the fight, so it avoids provocations by the fighters.

Bites are also strictly prohibited anywhere on the body that are.

When one of the participants in the fight falls to the ground, for it immediately. The fighter can not continue to hit the opponent if he is on the floor.

Scams boxing

Direct: Strike fast and hard that hits the front of the opponent with the fist that was behind the guard.

Jabe: Same as direct, but with the other fist, which is on the front guard.

Crusader: As strong as the straight but hit the side of the opponent's head. In this movement the arm flexed ends, unlike straight.

Hook: Movement handle on curvilinear trajectory that reaches the side of the head or abdomen fighter.

Uppercut: Coup made towards the bottom up in order to reach the other fighter's chin.

Jab-Direct: A mixture of Golte direct blow with Jabe, ie, the fighter is punching the opponent with both hands at the same time.

http://www.blogodorium.com.br/regras-basicas-do-boxe-profissional/

Fencing ( Esgrima )

What is

Fencing is a combat sport in which contestants (fencers) use melee weapons (foil, saber and sword) to attack and defend.

History of Fencing

Reports from the practice of fencing back the sixteenth century. There are reports of this era in European manuscripts, showing the sport. In France, the period of absolutism (seventeenth and eighteenth centuries), there were competitions struggles with the use of sabers and swords. In 1896, the Olympic Games in Athens, fencing was part of the framework of sports. The practice of fencing arrived in Brazil during the Imperial period. Already in the early twentieth century, military Rio de Janeiro adopted the practice of swordsmanship during training.

Rules (points, weapons and equipment)

- A fight fencing lasts for three rounds, each of which lasts for three minutes.

Three are used in fencing weapons: foil, saber and sword. The Sword and foil, measuring 1.10 m, may be used in fighting an opponent to reach only with part of the tip. The fencer earns points, when it touches the opponent's torso region with foil. The sword can be used to reach any part of the opponent's body. Already the saber (up to 1.05 meters) could be used to achieve, with the tip or blade, the waist region or above.

Each time a fencer touches the opponent's vest point is marked electronically, via sensors. Win the fight, the fencer who add more points.

The fencers wear special clothes for combat, in order to avoid injury. Metallic mask, gloves and protective vests are mandatory equipment for men. Besides these facilities, women also wear protective for the breasts.

Lane (site of the fighting)

The track has fencing of 1.5 m to 2 m wide and 14 m long. There is a line that divides the lane into two equal sides. At the bottom of each side there is an area (from 1.5 m to 2 m) in which the fencer attack can not enter.

Fencing Competitions

- The most important competition of the fencing occurs during the Olympics. This sport, for both men and women, was part of the 2012 London Olympics.

- Another very important competition is the World Fencing Championship, held every year (except in years when there are Olympic Games).

Benefits of fencing

- Increased strength, balance and bodily skills;

- Improved muscular endurance;

- Improved the speed of thought, reasoning and decision making;

- Development of motor coordination;

- Development of power concentration.

Confederations and Federations

- The FIE (International Fencing Federation) conducts competitions and events internationally. In Brazil, CBE (Brazilian Confederation of Fencing) organizes national championships.

Curiosities:

- Currently, the major world powers of fencing are: Italy, South Korea and China. Italy won 7 medals in the sport at the Olympics in London 2012. There were 3 gold, 2 silver and 2 bronze.

- The fencing was present in all editions of the Olympic Games of the modern era, ie since 1896.

- The main fencing competition worldwide is the Fencing World Championship. In 2012, the event will take place in Kiev (Ukraine), between the 14th and 15th of April. It will be a championship with only modalities that will not be played in the Olympics in London 2012.

http://www.suapesquisa.com/educacaoesportes/esgrima.htm

   

Basketball

Rules of Basketball

                 Although not as well known in the Baquetebol Brazil is one of the most practiced sports in the world. In countries like the United States it is very widespread and mobilize all their championships.

                Although not a national passion, it is necessary to know at least the basics of the leading sports and basketball can not be left out. Check out everything you need to know about him:

Basic Rules of Basketball:

                The game consists of two teams of 5 players each. The goal is to throw the ball in the basket opponent and depending on the distance of the throw, get points. Unlike football and handball, no goalkeeper.

                The ball being thrown and quicada hands in any direction. is forbidden to walk with the ball or kick it. The main passes of the game are: pitch, pat and buried.

                The baskets have different values ​​depending on the distance and the difficulty of the move. 1 point a basketball free throw, 2 points a field goal and 3 points a basket carrier.

                When is a foul or violation committed the clock is stopped immediately and the ball becomes "dead" until the matter is resolved.

                Substitutions may be made on occasions like dead ball and clock stopped. The exchange must be made as soon as possible to majs that does not delay the game. In this case the substituidor can ask to join the game and if it is met, do it quickly.

                The duration of the game varies between 2 times 20 min. 4 times and 12 min. The range of the middle of the game may be 10 to 15 minutes. In case of a tie the game should continue with an extra period of five (5) minutes, or how many extra periods of five minutes are required. Wins the team that accumulates the most points during this period.

http://www.essaseoutras.xpg.com.br/regras-basicas-do-basquete-fundamentos-normas-para-entender-esporte/

Athletics

Teaching the Rules of Athletics

The best time to teach the rules of athletics is during exercise. For example, when athletes are working on their passes, you should not only valid trade practice, but also explain why the change needs to be made within the zone. Below, we provide some essential rules specific event. Non-adherence to the rules may result in disqualification of the athlete during competition. See Book Official Special Olympics Sports Rules for complete listing of the rules of athletics.

Rules for Racing Events
The runner is disqualified after two false starts. For the pentathlon, there are three false starts.
Racing: Runner must stay on the lane during the competition.
The runner must start behind the start line.
The runner will be disqualified if impedes the progress of another runner in order to obstruct, interfere or push and gain an unfair advantage.
The runner must wear sneakers or athletic shoes.
False start will result in a false start, which could lead to disqualification from the competition.
Athletes are not automatically disqualified for leaving streaks marked advantage if they win.

Rules for Relay Events
Runners must pass the baton within the exchange zone.
Runners can not throw the bat to make the pass.
Runners must stay in their lanes during the race the 4x100 meters relay.
The runners are disqualified if obstruct, prevent or interfere with the progress of another runner.
Within the defined area [takeover], only the position of the baton is decisive and not the position or location of the body or limbs of the contestants.
In the 4x400m relay, running the first leg, as well as part of the second round by the end of the first lap in the second round should be performed entirely within the limits of the rays.

General Rules for the Long Jump
Always start behind the start line.
The best of three non-consecutive jumps will be considered as the final score.
Measuring the distance of the jump from the starting line / board for printing nearest sand left in any part of the body.
Leave the litter box from the sides or behind. Return the track and cross the start line will result in failure.
Race: the athlete should be able to jump at least 1m, the minimum distance between the takeoff board and sandbox.
Position: Athlete must use both feet at the start.

Rules of the High Jump
Do not jump on the beam during competition or during heating for the competition.
Do not touch the marked area, the media or the bar, or cross the horizontal plane when deciding to no longer jump after a bad attempt. The attempt may be resumed if the demarcated area, the bar or the horizontal plane have not been touched and still remains time.
Do not give the start with both feet. The start height in jumps of any style should be performed with one foot.
Exit mattress pad the sides or behind.
Three consecutive absences of any time determine the final position. The final score will be the last time obtained.
The athlete should be able to jump at least 1m, because the minimum height opening for all evidence of the high jump is 90 cm.

General Rules for Throwing Events
Using a ball of official size and weight softball, tennis or pitch.
Entering and leaving behind the ring / circle or throwing area.
Throwing a softball or tennis freely.
The best among three non-consecutive pitches will be marked as the final score.
Do not cross or step over the line area softball throw, or jump on board to pitch.
Shot Put: The pitch must be valid starting from the shoulder and neck lines with just one hand. The weight does not fall below the shoulder.

General Rules of Racing Wheelchair
Wheelchair athletes must start the race with the front wheels of the chair behind the starting line.
All other racing rules apply.

http://sports.specialolympics.org/specialo.org/Special_/English/Coach/Coaching/Portuguese/Athletics/Athletics_Rules_Protocol_and_Etiquette/Teaching_the_Rules_of_Athletics.htm

Golf

   

The Golf is to leave a specific place in the open field, and hit the ball in the fewest strokes possible in strategically placed holes at varying distances. Usually the game is played on 18 holes. The equipment used in golf bag storage are a (set of bag with 14 clubs), balls and shoes with soles locks, to firm positioning and player moves.

           Clothes should be comfortable, to provide freedom of movement.

           The tacos "wood" are used for long distance shots and less precision, while the tacos "iron" are appropriate for the approach shot and more accurately. Special Tacos are also used, such as "sand" to get the ball out of bunkers. In official competitions, a golfer is forbidden to speak with other players. Another peculiarity of the sport is that there is no golf course like another. The total course of 18 holes, generally, is about six miles long straight and takes close to four and a half hours to complete.

           As the distance, no par three holes (up to 228 m), par four (up to 430 m) or even five (over 430 m). For women, the distances are slightly smaller. On par three holes, the golfer tries to play the famous "hole-in-one", which consists of embocar the ball in just one stroke.

The course consists of the following elements:

• TEE (local output)

• FAIRMAY (region of low grass)

• ROUGH (region of tall grass)

• GREEN (local undergrowth of grass and well trimmed)

** On Course "fairway", can be intersected by rivers, lakes, bunkers.

http://www.cecb.edu.br/index.php/2009-11-06-13-37-08/69-regras-basicas-do-golfe

       

     

Football

 Basic Rules

Football is one of the most widely practiced throughout the world, and not even knowing full well the origin of football, several historians have discovered that ancient people already practiced ball games. Football won every generation since the oldest to the youngest like to hit a ball. He also became so famous because it is a sport that you do not need as many resources as you can play it at home, on the street, in the countryside, alone in two, with one team, can play with older people, or younger and even play with women.

Many people cheer, watch championships, go to stadiums and even cry for their teams. Most will know that the basic rules of football. See below.

Number of Players

Every football team must field 11 players, with 10 on the field and 1 goalie. There are players on the bench who are called reserves, because they have to get a technician to provision is made replacements if necessary.

Game Time

The game length is 45 minutes in the first half, has 15 minute break and another 45 minutes in the second half. There may also be a shall extend the time which can vary from 5 minutes to 10 minutes. In playoffs if the tie is decided by a penalty shootout, so you can decide who will be the winner.

Impediment

The impediment is when the offensive player is in front of all the other players and get the ball to the goal, the offside is given. This is because all players have their correct position on the pitch, and if he happens to change the impediment.

Corner Kick

The corner is also known by other names such as goal kick and corner kick. It happens when a team plays the ball off the goal line, or the keeper let the ball slip behind his goal. It will charge the ball is made by the opposing team at the corners of the field, which may be the right or left side.

Throw

It happens when a player kicks the ball out of the line of the field. Another player from the opposing team will have to make the charging exactly the same point where the ball went, but the recovery will be with hands over her head.

Fouls

Absences are given to players who had antiesportivas conduct that may be trying to kick the opponent, giving creeping, jumping on an opponent, strikes or attempts to strike, grab the opponent, spitting at opponent touching the ball with his hands. These absences may result in a yellow card, two yellow cards the player will be sent off, with no replacement.

These are only a few rules of football, as there are many others. And these rules are for soccer, because it can change if soccer and sand.

http://situado.net/regras-basicas-do-futebol/


          


                 

                         

Handebol

Rules 

Goal Area
It is between the bottom line and the line of 6m. Only the goalkeeper may remain in the goal area. The attacker who penetrates this area is punished with a free kick, if not purposely have possession of the ball, will be given free throw. The player who invade the goal area, having thrown the ball, is not subject to any punishment as long as it does not result in prejudizo to the opponent's action.
Goalkeeper / Goal
The goalkeeper is the only player who can move to any position on the court, is the only one that can stop or hit the ball with your feet (but that's only in your area), it should play out as qualque lineman. One goal will be deemed that the ball thrown regularly exceed entirely by the goal line inside the goal.
Handling the Ball
It is allowed to launch, hitting, pushing, punching, stop and get the ball, no matter how, with the help of the hands, arms, head, torso, thighs and knees. Hold the ball during máxio three seconds, even though she was on the floor. Make the most of three steps with the ball in hand. It is forbidden to drive or handle the ball with their feet.
Behavior
To the opponent
Use your arms and hands to seize the ball. Taking the ball from the opponent's hand with open hands, no matter which side. Blocking the path to the opponent with the body. It is forbidden to pluck the ball from the opponent with one or both hands, as well as banging his fist on the ball that has the same hands.
Goal kick
The goal kick is ordered in the following cases: when, before overtaking the bottom line, the ball has touched a player of the attacking team or the defending team's goalkeeper, being within their goal area. The goal kick must be charged within the area of ​​the goalkeeper, and only he can put the ball in play.
Dropped ball
A dropped ball is marked where, kept the ball in the court and outside the areas of goalkeeper occur: lack of simultaneous players from both teams and interrupted the game for any reason or no reason to be characterized as a breach of the rules.
Corner Kick
The bid is ordered from a corner as the ball touched by the defending team beyond the bottom line (without the goalie that has touched the ball). The bid is executed at the point of intersection of the end line and sideline the side where the ball has left.
Lance lateral
The bid side is ordained since the ball has completely crossed the sideline. To be charged the player must keep one foot on the sideline and the other off the court, this case seje disrespected the referee may order new collection or apply lateral reversal, giving the right of charging the opposing team.
Lance 7m
This bid is only ordered the execution of a serious failure on the opponent at the time of collection of players Defeza attack and should remain Proceedings of the 9m line. The player in charge must keep one foot before the fixed line 7m and can not invade it or move this foot.
Free throw
Ordained free throw in the following cases: irregular entry or exit of a player; misbehavior, misconduct by players in the goal area; intentional release of the ball for his goal area; fouls the goalkeeper; performance or misconduct in the bidding side , corner kick, free-throw and 7m; unsportsmanlike attitude.
Execution
Before the implementation of all the above moves the ball will land on the pitcher's hand and all players should have taken the position regularly. Only the shooter may touch the ball and this should not be slamming it against the ground, as the arbitrator may consider the bid as charged and applied reversal move.
Punishments
Yellow card
Serves to warn any athlete or coach. Applied in some faults, for complaints or when the player after a foul ball does not leave the place indicated, and may vary with the discretion of each referee.

Two Minutes: - This only applies to players. Whoever receives this punishment should stay out of the game during a períiodo two minutes (which is controlled by the timer), and may return to the game after permição with the arbitration table. During this period the team is left with one player less, this punishment is usually applied to desnescessárias fouls and substitutions incorrect.
Red Card: (or disqualification)
To be applied a red card the player must withdraw from the court and can not even stay on the bench and not starting over again. The team remains for two minutes with one player less after and can complete the team with another player. (The player who receives more than 3 "Two Minutes" during the match is automatically disqualified, suffering all the peocesso above)
Exclusion
This is an extreme remedy of arbitration used only in cases of physical and verbal aggression. The player who suffer exclusion can not go back to court and not sit on the bench, and his team remains until the end of the game with one player less.
Location of Arbitration
The play is directed by two referees, asistidos by a secretary and a timekeeper.
The Referees
The two arbitrators (judges) work together both in attack and defense moves from both teams. (Usually an arbitrator is in the bottom line, on one side of the court, and the other on the halfway line on the other side of the court). They work in cooperation and mutual support, observe beyond the focus of the game, all other players.
The Secretary
This sits on the board of arbitration has a summary of the match and must compute all statistics of the game, to help judges (such as number of goals: he scored the goal, number of yellow cards, two minutes and faults of each player).
The Timekeepre
It whoever controls the timing of the match, is also sitting at the table arbitration. It has a timer that should be stopped whenever the judges or coaches of teams so request. It is also a function of time bids "two minutes", he is responsible for the athlete back into the game.